The endangered leopard cat, a native feline species in Taiwan, has received significant attention from relevant authorities in recent years. With the rise of urban and rural development, environmental and life threats to wildlife have increased, and the wild leopard cat population is now less than 500. Statistics show that between 2015 and 2018, at least one leopard cat roadkill incident occurred every month. In response, the Taiwanese startup DT42 (灼灼科技) collaborated with government and academic institutions using an AI image recognition system to protect local animals through more immediate and efficient methods, creating an environment where humans and animals can coexist harmoniously. The roadkill warning system, jointly developed by the Directorate General of Highways, the Endemic Species Research and Conservation Center, and the Department of Mechanical Engineering at National Chung Hsing University, was deployed in a demonstration area on Provincial Highway 3 in Zhuolan, Miaoli County, in May of this year. The system detects excessive vehicle speeds and simultaneously activates a roadkill warning system with built-in animal identification and audio-visual emission systems, prompting leopard cats currently on or preparing to cross the road to stay away, thereby achieving the goal of reducing roadkill incidents. This system is designed not only for the endangered leopard cat, but also to protect other animals that frequent this area, such as the white-nosed hearth dog and ferret badger. It may even reduce the risk of stray dogs and cats being struck by vehicles. Challenges – The training data for animal recognition is extensive and complex. The necessary technology and infrastructure for roadkill warning systems are not yet fully developed, making the initial data processing and setup extremely tedious and complex. The team initially used AWS cloud computing for animal recognition, but considering the bandwidth required for real-time recognition and data transmission, coupled with the overall slower-than-expected response time, it was necessary to further integrate analytical and computational capabilities into the terminal devices. DT42 Project Manager and co-founder Chung Wan-Chia stated, "Because vehicles travel at extremely high speeds, once the system detects a vehicle speed exceeding 40 kilometers per hour, it immediately activates the roadkill warning system. Animals' movements are unpredictable, requiring the generation of lights and high-frequency sounds to keep them away from the road and prevent collisions. If the roadkill warning system can activate in a shorter time, it can be truly effective in saving animal lives." Solution – Enhancing the learning efficiency of the recognition system through GPU acceleration, allowing the roadkill warning system to operate smoothly. To accelerate data analysis and processing, as well as the time and manpower spent on subsequent image data labeling and correction, the design team chose to adopt NVIDIA's Jetson TX2 platform designed for edge devices. This lightweight and power-efficient solution integrates CUDA and CuDNN computing architectures to improve training efficiency and, combined with TensorRT for inference acceleration, allows a learning model to be completed in just 3 hours and quickly deployed on edge computing devices, thereby enabling the roadkill warning system to operate smoothly. The Jetson TX2 platform allows terminal devices to complete preliminary analysis with higher efficiency, without relying entirely on cloud-based collaborative computing resources, and remains unaffected even when the device is offline. With the assistance of artificial intelligence technology, the system can reduce roadkill through image recognition combined with vehicle speed detection and other systems. GPU-accelerated image recognition can quickly determine whether animals are preparing to cross the road from image details, ensuring the roadkill warning system functions properly. The Endemic Species Conservation Research Center team has also installed fences in the demonstration area to prevent animals from crossing the road and cleared culverts for animals to walk through, guiding them to the other side of the road by other means, thereby reducing the roadkill rate. The actual implementation of the roadkill warning system is mainly integrated with existing buildings and will not damage the environment or affect the original landscape. However, Dr. Chang Chun-wei of National Chung Hsing University is concerned that malicious individuals may steal or damage the equipment, or use it to determine the possible locations of protected animals, leading to poaching and other problems. Therefore, the system facilities will be further disguised during the construction process, and the actual locations of these facilities will not be disclosed to the public. Impact – Future prospects: Artificial intelligence is expected to enable more animal conservation efforts. After the roadkill warning system was introduced on the demonstration road section, the number of leopard cat roadkill incidents has significantly decreased, with only one incident occurring within three months. The Ministry of Transportation is very satisfied with the results of this cross-sectoral cooperation project and expects to extend this application to more road sections prone to roadkill incidents in the future. Chiang Ya-yu, Assistant Professor of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at National Chung Hsing University, stated, "The test results of the leopard cat roadkill warning system are encouraging. We are actively collaborating with the government to replicate this successful experience in related animal conservation programs and promote it to other parts of Taiwan or globally, contributing to ecological conservation through AI." Animal conservation programs have become a global focus in recent years, with governments investing significant resources and many major technology companies offering more effective solutions through innovative technologies. DT42 believes that the future potential of applying artificial intelligence technology to animal conservation is considerable. Therefore, by starting from the grassroots level and collaborating with local farmers to identify root problems and address pain points in a demand-oriented manner, animal conservation can be achieved more efficiently without impacting the existing ecosystem and local development.