PayPal's application for a self-built banking license may be paving the way for cryptocurrency services.
While many consider PayPal a third-party payment tool, the payment provider is clearly not content to be merely a "money transfer intermediary." PayPal recently submitted applications to regulators in Utah and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) to establish a licensed "Industrial Bank." This means that PayPal will no longer simply provide a platform for transferring and managing funds, but hopes to truly possess the identity of a "bank," directly engaging in deposit and loan business. Aiming for "disintermediation," PayPal explicitly stated in its announcement that the purpose of this move is to "more efficiently provide business loan solutions for small and medium-sized enterprises in the United States, while reducing reliance on third parties." In the past, while PayPal also offered loan services (PayPal Working Capital), it often relied on partner banks for funding or compliance structures. This not only meant that profits were shared, but business development was also constrained by others. Therefore, if it successfully obtains a banking license, PayPal will be able to directly issue loans to customers, legally utilize user deposits, and more directly access the underlying payment infrastructure, reducing operating costs. PayPal CEO Alex Chriss stated, "Access to funding remains a significant challenge for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) striving to grow." Clearly, PayPal has identified the pain point of traditional banks' overly conservative lending practices towards SMEs. Hidden Target: Cryptocurrency Besides lending, this license has another strategic significance: cryptocurrency. Reports indicate that if approved, PayPal will be able to more directly support its expanding cryptocurrency and stablecoin (such as its own PYUSD) business within a regulated banking framework. Having a banking license also means PayPal will have greater autonomy and efficiency in handling the conversion and settlement of fiat currency and cryptocurrency, without worrying about partner banks suddenly cutting off services due to risk considerations. Analysis: Will FinTech Ultimately Move Towards the Banking System? The author believes that PayPal taking this step is not surprising, and could even be considered the "ultimate form" of FinTech. Look at Block (formerly Square), which obtained a similar industrial banking license several years ago. For PayPal, the biggest advantage of having a banking license lies in data monetization. They have a clearer understanding of the daily cash flow of e-commerce sellers and small and medium-sized enterprises than traditional banks. Using this transaction data for credit rating and lending carries lower risk but higher profits compared to traditional banks. However, US regulators have always been cautious about tech companies holding banking licenses. PayPal's application for a more specialized "industrial bank" license, while only permitted in a few states like Utah, still requires approval from the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC). Whether it receives approval will be a crucial indicator of the direction of US financial regulation.









